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Tabije: Food Security II - The worsening news



UNLESS you have been sleeping under a huge rock lately, you could not have missed the series of bad news last week that have confirmed what I have been saying all along: our country's food security situation is very insecure.

Consider the following:

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In the Inquirer October 29, 2009 issue, the Secretary of Agriculture was quoted as saying that there is a "perfect storm" brewing and it will potentially severely affect global rice trade, possibly causing record import price levels.

Then in the Inquirer's editorial of October 28, 2009, there's the strong move of Thailand, a major source of our rice imports, for the reduction of our rice import duty from the present 40 percent to 5 percent.

The Philippine counter proposal is 35 percent, meant to protect our farmers from competing against cheaper Thai rice.

Thailand is strongly pressing their proposal under the aegis of the Asean Free Trade Agreement (Afta) and the proposed Asean Trade in Goods Agreement (Atiga) and it is appearing that their hand is stronger than ours in the said conflict.

If the import duty conflict worsens and Thailand decides to stop or suspend or minimize exportation of rice to us until the issue is resolved, which is not at all unlikely, we have a huge problem.

Finally, in the same Inquirer issue, a ranking UN official cited studies that projected a massive destruction of Philippine rice crops in a little over a decade due to climate change.

What are the implications of these dire predictions?

1. The fact that we are not self-sufficient in rice, that we are dependent on importation of rice for our supply, has put our food security largely at the mercy of exporter-countries and the whims of nature.

2. The biggest factor why we are not self-sufficient in rice today (we were in the 1970s) is that the National Government has largely put the country's irrigation program in the back burner for the last two decades. For a more extensive discussion of this, see my column article entitled, "Food Security: the Call of the Times" (Sunstar Davao, October 26, 2009).

3. If the huge quantities of rice we import annually were instead produced domestically, the resulting economic activities it would have created could have contributed significantly to the domestic economy.

4. If the huge amounts of foreign exchange used for importation were instead used for building more irrigation systems, the construction expenses could have perked up the economies of the farming localities and the resulting four-fold increase in annual rice production per hectare due to irrigation could have significantly increased the income of the farmers.

In view of the above, the National Government should seriously consider resuming the massive irrigation development program of the country that was started in the 1970s to 80s but has been relatively dormant from the 1990s to the present.

It should put a much higher priority to these projects in the allocation of capital budgets over fancy highways, and other less essential infrastructures.

Since more calamities are projected in the future, we have to build irrigation systems where there are fewer occurrences of calamities. Typhoons normally hit Luzon and Visayas and they destroy lots of agricultural crops in their paths.

Therefore, the most logical massive irrigation development area for the future is Mindanao-it is relatively free from typhoons and its rainfall pattern is evenly distributed throughout the year, auguring well for rice production.

*****

Ismael D. Tabije is the Secretary General of "Ang Patubig," a national organization of former NIA employees whose main advocacy is to ensure the food security of all Filipinos by reviving the dying irrigation development program of the country. Email feedback to idtabije@gmail.com.


Published in the Sun.Star Davao newspaper on November 2, 2009.


Feedback: Your views and reactions

On the issue of food

On the issue of food security, the Philippines should stand as a country, a competitive one, and a country that can protect the welfare of the people. The government should not rely always on buying rice from other countries, but as a country, we must develop our own agriculture, our own domestic economy for long- term thinking and concept.

Competitiveness that we can show to others that as a country we can make it, not only them. We have our own source (natural resource); we must use and develop it for the benefit of our countrymen and the country.

Thailand, Vietnam, and Burma

Thailand, Vietnam, and Burma are blessed with even rainfall all year round. They can produce rice three and even four times a year without need for irrigation infrastructure. We can provide all the irrigation infrastructure and support services that our rice farmers in RP need in order to produce rice at least three times a year. But just the same our rice is going to be more expensive because of the maintenance cost of these infrastructure and support services. If not for food security issues, the Philippines is better off just buying rice from Thailand, Vietnam, and Burma because its cheaper.

It's a worldwide dilemma in fact. U.S. and European food farmers receive generous price subsidies also because of food security issues. Otherwise, food farmers are no longer viable in these countries because of high cost of production. Other food producing countries especially in Africa want these subsidies removed under the WTO.

In the same manner, Thailand is pressing for lower trade barriers under AFTA so they can dump their surplus rice production here in RP. Even China has been wanting to dump its surplus vegetable production in our country. But I think food production ought to be exempted from free trade agreements because of food security issues. This is going to cost government and the taxpayer in terms of infrastructure, support services, and even price subsidies. But I don't think we can subject the security of our food supply to a sometimes volatile international trade regime. Can we?